c. 1030

Al-Biruni completes his study of India

Al-Biruni (973-c. 1050), taken to Ghazni in 1017 and soon on Mahmud's campaigns in India, completes his Kitab al-Hind around 1030. His earth-radius measurement at Nandana, by horizon dip, survives; its accuracy depends on a cubit length that is unclear.